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- /*#******************************************************************************
- ** IMPORTANT: READ BEFORE DOWNLOADING, COPYING, INSTALLING OR USING.
- **
- ** By downloading, copying, installing or using the software you agree to this license.
- ** If you do not agree to this license, do not download, install,
- ** copy or use the software.
- **
- **
- ** bioinspired : interfaces allowing OpenCV users to integrate Human Vision System models. Presented models originate from Jeanny Herault's original research and have been reused and adapted by the author&collaborators for computed vision applications since his thesis with Alice Caplier at Gipsa-Lab.
- ** Use: extract still images & image sequences features, from contours details to motion spatio-temporal features, etc. for high level visual scene analysis. Also contribute to image enhancement/compression such as tone mapping.
- **
- ** Maintainers : Listic lab (code author current affiliation & applications) and Gipsa Lab (original research origins & applications)
- **
- ** Creation - enhancement process 2007-2015
- ** Author: Alexandre Benoit (benoit.alexandre.vision@gmail.com), LISTIC lab, Annecy le vieux, France
- **
- ** Theses algorithm have been developped by Alexandre BENOIT since his thesis with Alice Caplier at Gipsa-Lab (www.gipsa-lab.inpg.fr) and the research he pursues at LISTIC Lab (www.listic.univ-savoie.fr).
- ** Refer to the following research paper for more information:
- ** Benoit A., Caplier A., Durette B., Herault, J., "USING HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM MODELING FOR BIO-INSPIRED LOW LEVEL IMAGE PROCESSING", Elsevier, Computer Vision and Image Understanding 114 (2010), pp. 758-773, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2010.01.011
- ** This work have been carried out thanks to Jeanny Herault who's research and great discussions are the basis of all this work, please take a look at his book:
- ** Vision: Images, Signals and Neural Networks: Models of Neural Processing in Visual Perception (Progress in Neural Processing),By: Jeanny Herault, ISBN: 9814273686. WAPI (Tower ID): 113266891.
- **
- ** The retina filter includes the research contributions of phd/research collegues from which code has been redrawn by the author :
- ** _take a look at the retinacolor.hpp module to discover Brice Chaix de Lavarene color mosaicing/demosaicing and the reference paper:
- ** ====> B. Chaix de Lavarene, D. Alleysson, B. Durette, J. Herault (2007). "Efficient demosaicing through recursive filtering", IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP 2007
- ** _take a look at imagelogpolprojection.hpp to discover retina spatial log sampling which originates from Barthelemy Durette phd with Jeanny Herault. A Retina / V1 cortex projection is also proposed and originates from Jeanny's discussions.
- ** ====> more informations in the above cited Jeanny Heraults's book.
- **
- ** License Agreement
- ** For Open Source Computer Vision Library
- **
- ** Copyright (C) 2000-2008, Intel Corporation, all rights reserved.
- ** Copyright (C) 2008-2011, Willow Garage Inc., all rights reserved.
- **
- ** For Human Visual System tools (bioinspired)
- ** Copyright (C) 2007-2015, LISTIC Lab, Annecy le Vieux and GIPSA Lab, Grenoble, France, all rights reserved.
- **
- ** Third party copyrights are property of their respective owners.
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- ** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
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- **
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- ** this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
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- **
- ** * The name of the copyright holders may not be used to endorse or promote products
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- *******************************************************************************/
- #ifndef __OPENCV_BIOINSPIRED_RETINA_HPP__
- #define __OPENCV_BIOINSPIRED_RETINA_HPP__
- /**
- @file
- @date Jul 19, 2011
- @author Alexandre Benoit
- */
- #include "opencv2/core.hpp" // for all OpenCV core functionalities access, including cv::Exception support
- namespace cv{
- namespace bioinspired{
- //! @addtogroup bioinspired
- //! @{
- enum {
- RETINA_COLOR_RANDOM, //!< each pixel position is either R, G or B in a random choice
- RETINA_COLOR_DIAGONAL,//!< color sampling is RGBRGBRGB..., line 2 BRGBRGBRG..., line 3, GBRGBRGBR...
- RETINA_COLOR_BAYER//!< standard bayer sampling
- };
- /** @brief retina model parameters structure
- For better clarity, check explenations on the comments of methods : setupOPLandIPLParvoChannel and setupIPLMagnoChannel
- Here is the default configuration file of the retina module. It gives results such as the first
- retina output shown on the top of this page.
- @code{xml}
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <opencv_storage>
- <OPLandIPLparvo>
- <colorMode>1</colorMode>
- <normaliseOutput>1</normaliseOutput>
- <photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity>7.5e-01</photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity>
- <photoreceptorsTemporalConstant>9.0e-01</photoreceptorsTemporalConstant>
- <photoreceptorsSpatialConstant>5.3e-01</photoreceptorsSpatialConstant>
- <horizontalCellsGain>0.01</horizontalCellsGain>
- <hcellsTemporalConstant>0.5</hcellsTemporalConstant>
- <hcellsSpatialConstant>7.</hcellsSpatialConstant>
- <ganglionCellsSensitivity>7.5e-01</ganglionCellsSensitivity></OPLandIPLparvo>
- <IPLmagno>
- <normaliseOutput>1</normaliseOutput>
- <parasolCells_beta>0.</parasolCells_beta>
- <parasolCells_tau>0.</parasolCells_tau>
- <parasolCells_k>7.</parasolCells_k>
- <amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency>2.0e+00</amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency>
- <V0CompressionParameter>9.5e-01</V0CompressionParameter>
- <localAdaptintegration_tau>0.</localAdaptintegration_tau>
- <localAdaptintegration_k>7.</localAdaptintegration_k></IPLmagno>
- </opencv_storage>
- @endcode
- Here is the 'realistic" setup used to obtain the second retina output shown on the top of this page.
- @code{xml}
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <opencv_storage>
- <OPLandIPLparvo>
- <colorMode>1</colorMode>
- <normaliseOutput>1</normaliseOutput>
- <photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity>8.9e-01</photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity>
- <photoreceptorsTemporalConstant>9.0e-01</photoreceptorsTemporalConstant>
- <photoreceptorsSpatialConstant>5.3e-01</photoreceptorsSpatialConstant>
- <horizontalCellsGain>0.3</horizontalCellsGain>
- <hcellsTemporalConstant>0.5</hcellsTemporalConstant>
- <hcellsSpatialConstant>7.</hcellsSpatialConstant>
- <ganglionCellsSensitivity>8.9e-01</ganglionCellsSensitivity></OPLandIPLparvo>
- <IPLmagno>
- <normaliseOutput>1</normaliseOutput>
- <parasolCells_beta>0.</parasolCells_beta>
- <parasolCells_tau>0.</parasolCells_tau>
- <parasolCells_k>7.</parasolCells_k>
- <amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency>2.0e+00</amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency>
- <V0CompressionParameter>9.5e-01</V0CompressionParameter>
- <localAdaptintegration_tau>0.</localAdaptintegration_tau>
- <localAdaptintegration_k>7.</localAdaptintegration_k></IPLmagno>
- </opencv_storage>
- @endcode
- */
- struct RetinaParameters{
- //! Outer Plexiform Layer (OPL) and Inner Plexiform Layer Parvocellular (IplParvo) parameters
- struct OPLandIplParvoParameters{
- OPLandIplParvoParameters():colorMode(true),
- normaliseOutput(true),
- photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity(0.75f),
- photoreceptorsTemporalConstant(0.9f),
- photoreceptorsSpatialConstant(0.53f),
- horizontalCellsGain(0.01f),
- hcellsTemporalConstant(0.5f),
- hcellsSpatialConstant(7.f),
- ganglionCellsSensitivity(0.75f) { } // default setup
- bool colorMode, normaliseOutput;
- float photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity, photoreceptorsTemporalConstant, photoreceptorsSpatialConstant, horizontalCellsGain, hcellsTemporalConstant, hcellsSpatialConstant, ganglionCellsSensitivity;
- };
- //! Inner Plexiform Layer Magnocellular channel (IplMagno)
- struct IplMagnoParameters{
- IplMagnoParameters():
- normaliseOutput(true),
- parasolCells_beta(0.f),
- parasolCells_tau(0.f),
- parasolCells_k(7.f),
- amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency(2.0f),
- V0CompressionParameter(0.95f),
- localAdaptintegration_tau(0.f),
- localAdaptintegration_k(7.f) { } // default setup
- bool normaliseOutput;
- float parasolCells_beta, parasolCells_tau, parasolCells_k, amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency, V0CompressionParameter, localAdaptintegration_tau, localAdaptintegration_k;
- };
- OPLandIplParvoParameters OPLandIplParvo;
- IplMagnoParameters IplMagno;
- };
- /** @brief class which allows the Gipsa/Listic Labs model to be used with OpenCV.
- This retina model allows spatio-temporal image processing (applied on still images, video sequences).
- As a summary, these are the retina model properties:
- - It applies a spectral whithening (mid-frequency details enhancement)
- - high frequency spatio-temporal noise reduction
- - low frequency luminance to be reduced (luminance range compression)
- - local logarithmic luminance compression allows details to be enhanced in low light conditions
- USE : this model can be used basically for spatio-temporal video effects but also for :
- _using the getParvo method output matrix : texture analysiswith enhanced signal to noise ratio and enhanced details robust against input images luminance ranges
- _using the getMagno method output matrix : motion analysis also with the previously cited properties
- for more information, reer to the following papers :
- Benoit A., Caplier A., Durette B., Herault, J., "USING HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM MODELING FOR BIO-INSPIRED LOW LEVEL IMAGE PROCESSING", Elsevier, Computer Vision and Image Understanding 114 (2010), pp. 758-773, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2010.01.011
- Vision: Images, Signals and Neural Networks: Models of Neural Processing in Visual Perception (Progress in Neural Processing),By: Jeanny Herault, ISBN: 9814273686. WAPI (Tower ID): 113266891.
- The retina filter includes the research contributions of phd/research collegues from which code has been redrawn by the author :
- take a look at the retinacolor.hpp module to discover Brice Chaix de Lavarene color mosaicing/demosaicing and the reference paper:
- B. Chaix de Lavarene, D. Alleysson, B. Durette, J. Herault (2007). "Efficient demosaicing through recursive filtering", IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP 2007
- take a look at imagelogpolprojection.hpp to discover retina spatial log sampling which originates from Barthelemy Durette phd with Jeanny Herault. A Retina / V1 cortex projection is also proposed and originates from Jeanny's discussions.
- more informations in the above cited Jeanny Heraults's book.
- */
- class CV_EXPORTS_W Retina : public Algorithm {
- public:
- /** @brief Retreive retina input buffer size
- @return the retina input buffer size
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual Size getInputSize()=0;
- /** @brief Retreive retina output buffer size that can be different from the input if a spatial log
- transformation is applied
- @return the retina output buffer size
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual Size getOutputSize()=0;
- /** @brief Try to open an XML retina parameters file to adjust current retina instance setup
- - if the xml file does not exist, then default setup is applied
- - warning, Exceptions are thrown if read XML file is not valid
- @param retinaParameterFile the parameters filename
- @param applyDefaultSetupOnFailure set to true if an error must be thrown on error
- You can retrieve the current parameters structure using the method Retina::getParameters and update
- it before running method Retina::setup.
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void setup(String retinaParameterFile="", const bool applyDefaultSetupOnFailure=true)=0;
- /** @overload
- @param fs the open Filestorage which contains retina parameters
- @param applyDefaultSetupOnFailure set to true if an error must be thrown on error
- */
- virtual void setup(cv::FileStorage &fs, const bool applyDefaultSetupOnFailure=true)=0;
- /** @overload
- @param newParameters a parameters structures updated with the new target configuration.
- */
- virtual void setup(RetinaParameters newParameters)=0;
- /**
- @return the current parameters setup
- */
- virtual RetinaParameters getParameters()=0;
- /** @brief Outputs a string showing the used parameters setup
- @return a string which contains formated parameters information
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual String printSetup()=0;
- /** @brief Write xml/yml formated parameters information
- @param fs the filename of the xml file that will be open and writen with formatted parameters
- information
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void write( String fs ) const=0;
- /** @overload */
- virtual void write( FileStorage& fs ) const CV_OVERRIDE = 0;
- /** @brief Setup the OPL and IPL parvo channels (see biologocal model)
- OPL is referred as Outer Plexiform Layer of the retina, it allows the spatio-temporal filtering
- which withens the spectrum and reduces spatio-temporal noise while attenuating global luminance
- (low frequency energy) IPL parvo is the OPL next processing stage, it refers to a part of the
- Inner Plexiform layer of the retina, it allows high contours sensitivity in foveal vision. See
- reference papers for more informations.
- for more informations, please have a look at the paper Benoit A., Caplier A., Durette B., Herault, J., "USING HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM MODELING FOR BIO-INSPIRED LOW LEVEL IMAGE PROCESSING", Elsevier, Computer Vision and Image Understanding 114 (2010), pp. 758-773, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2010.01.011
- @param colorMode specifies if (true) color is processed of not (false) to then processing gray
- level image
- @param normaliseOutput specifies if (true) output is rescaled between 0 and 255 of not (false)
- @param photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity the photoreceptors sensitivity renage is 0-1
- (more log compression effect when value increases)
- @param photoreceptorsTemporalConstant the time constant of the first order low pass filter of
- the photoreceptors, use it to cut high temporal frequencies (noise or fast motion), unit is
- frames, typical value is 1 frame
- @param photoreceptorsSpatialConstant the spatial constant of the first order low pass filter of
- the photoreceptors, use it to cut high spatial frequencies (noise or thick contours), unit is
- pixels, typical value is 1 pixel
- @param horizontalCellsGain gain of the horizontal cells network, if 0, then the mean value of
- the output is zero, if the parameter is near 1, then, the luminance is not filtered and is
- still reachable at the output, typicall value is 0
- @param HcellsTemporalConstant the time constant of the first order low pass filter of the
- horizontal cells, use it to cut low temporal frequencies (local luminance variations), unit is
- frames, typical value is 1 frame, as the photoreceptors
- @param HcellsSpatialConstant the spatial constant of the first order low pass filter of the
- horizontal cells, use it to cut low spatial frequencies (local luminance), unit is pixels,
- typical value is 5 pixel, this value is also used for local contrast computing when computing
- the local contrast adaptation at the ganglion cells level (Inner Plexiform Layer parvocellular
- channel model)
- @param ganglionCellsSensitivity the compression strengh of the ganglion cells local adaptation
- output, set a value between 0.6 and 1 for best results, a high value increases more the low
- value sensitivity... and the output saturates faster, recommended value: 0.7
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void setupOPLandIPLParvoChannel(const bool colorMode=true, const bool normaliseOutput = true, const float photoreceptorsLocalAdaptationSensitivity=0.7f, const float photoreceptorsTemporalConstant=0.5f, const float photoreceptorsSpatialConstant=0.53f, const float horizontalCellsGain=0.f, const float HcellsTemporalConstant=1.f, const float HcellsSpatialConstant=7.f, const float ganglionCellsSensitivity=0.7f)=0;
- /** @brief Set parameters values for the Inner Plexiform Layer (IPL) magnocellular channel
- this channel processes signals output from OPL processing stage in peripheral vision, it allows
- motion information enhancement. It is decorrelated from the details channel. See reference
- papers for more details.
- @param normaliseOutput specifies if (true) output is rescaled between 0 and 255 of not (false)
- @param parasolCells_beta the low pass filter gain used for local contrast adaptation at the
- IPL level of the retina (for ganglion cells local adaptation), typical value is 0
- @param parasolCells_tau the low pass filter time constant used for local contrast adaptation
- at the IPL level of the retina (for ganglion cells local adaptation), unit is frame, typical
- value is 0 (immediate response)
- @param parasolCells_k the low pass filter spatial constant used for local contrast adaptation
- at the IPL level of the retina (for ganglion cells local adaptation), unit is pixels, typical
- value is 5
- @param amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency the time constant of the first order high pass fiter of
- the magnocellular way (motion information channel), unit is frames, typical value is 1.2
- @param V0CompressionParameter the compression strengh of the ganglion cells local adaptation
- output, set a value between 0.6 and 1 for best results, a high value increases more the low
- value sensitivity... and the output saturates faster, recommended value: 0.95
- @param localAdaptintegration_tau specifies the temporal constant of the low pas filter
- involved in the computation of the local "motion mean" for the local adaptation computation
- @param localAdaptintegration_k specifies the spatial constant of the low pas filter involved
- in the computation of the local "motion mean" for the local adaptation computation
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void setupIPLMagnoChannel(const bool normaliseOutput = true, const float parasolCells_beta=0.f, const float parasolCells_tau=0.f, const float parasolCells_k=7.f, const float amacrinCellsTemporalCutFrequency=1.2f, const float V0CompressionParameter=0.95f, const float localAdaptintegration_tau=0.f, const float localAdaptintegration_k=7.f)=0;
- /** @brief Method which allows retina to be applied on an input image,
- after run, encapsulated retina module is ready to deliver its outputs using dedicated
- acccessors, see getParvo and getMagno methods
- @param inputImage the input Mat image to be processed, can be gray level or BGR coded in any
- format (from 8bit to 16bits)
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void run(InputArray inputImage)=0;
- /** @brief Method which processes an image in the aim to correct its luminance correct
- backlight problems, enhance details in shadows.
- This method is designed to perform High Dynamic Range image tone mapping (compress \>8bit/pixel
- images to 8bit/pixel). This is a simplified version of the Retina Parvocellular model
- (simplified version of the run/getParvo methods call) since it does not include the
- spatio-temporal filter modelling the Outer Plexiform Layer of the retina that performs spectral
- whitening and many other stuff. However, it works great for tone mapping and in a faster way.
- Check the demos and experiments section to see examples and the way to perform tone mapping
- using the original retina model and the method.
- @param inputImage the input image to process (should be coded in float format : CV_32F,
- CV_32FC1, CV_32F_C3, CV_32F_C4, the 4th channel won't be considered).
- @param outputToneMappedImage the output 8bit/channel tone mapped image (CV_8U or CV_8UC3 format).
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void applyFastToneMapping(InputArray inputImage, OutputArray outputToneMappedImage)=0;
- /** @brief Accessor of the details channel of the retina (models foveal vision).
- Warning, getParvoRAW methods return buffers that are not rescaled within range [0;255] while
- the non RAW method allows a normalized matrix to be retrieved.
- @param retinaOutput_parvo the output buffer (reallocated if necessary), format can be :
- - a Mat, this output is rescaled for standard 8bits image processing use in OpenCV
- - RAW methods actually return a 1D matrix (encoding is R1, R2, ... Rn, G1, G2, ..., Gn, B1,
- B2, ...Bn), this output is the original retina filter model output, without any
- quantification or rescaling.
- @see getParvoRAW
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void getParvo(OutputArray retinaOutput_parvo)=0;
- /** @brief Accessor of the details channel of the retina (models foveal vision).
- @see getParvo
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void getParvoRAW(OutputArray retinaOutput_parvo)=0;
- /** @brief Accessor of the motion channel of the retina (models peripheral vision).
- Warning, getMagnoRAW methods return buffers that are not rescaled within range [0;255] while
- the non RAW method allows a normalized matrix to be retrieved.
- @param retinaOutput_magno the output buffer (reallocated if necessary), format can be :
- - a Mat, this output is rescaled for standard 8bits image processing use in OpenCV
- - RAW methods actually return a 1D matrix (encoding is M1, M2,... Mn), this output is the
- original retina filter model output, without any quantification or rescaling.
- @see getMagnoRAW
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void getMagno(OutputArray retinaOutput_magno)=0;
- /** @brief Accessor of the motion channel of the retina (models peripheral vision).
- @see getMagno
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void getMagnoRAW(OutputArray retinaOutput_magno)=0;
- /** @overload */
- CV_WRAP virtual Mat getMagnoRAW() const=0;
- /** @overload */
- CV_WRAP virtual Mat getParvoRAW() const=0;
- /** @brief Activate color saturation as the final step of the color demultiplexing process -\> this
- saturation is a sigmoide function applied to each channel of the demultiplexed image.
- @param saturateColors boolean that activates color saturation (if true) or desactivate (if false)
- @param colorSaturationValue the saturation factor : a simple factor applied on the chrominance
- buffers
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void setColorSaturation(const bool saturateColors=true, const float colorSaturationValue=4.0f)=0;
- /** @brief Clears all retina buffers
- (equivalent to opening the eyes after a long period of eye close ;o) whatchout the temporal
- transition occuring just after this method call.
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void clearBuffers()=0;
- /** @brief Activate/desactivate the Magnocellular pathway processing (motion information extraction), by
- default, it is activated
- @param activate true if Magnocellular output should be activated, false if not... if activated,
- the Magnocellular output can be retrieved using the **getMagno** methods
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void activateMovingContoursProcessing(const bool activate)=0;
- /** @brief Activate/desactivate the Parvocellular pathway processing (contours information extraction), by
- default, it is activated
- @param activate true if Parvocellular (contours information extraction) output should be
- activated, false if not... if activated, the Parvocellular output can be retrieved using the
- Retina::getParvo methods
- */
- CV_WRAP virtual void activateContoursProcessing(const bool activate)=0;
- /** @overload */
- CV_WRAP static Ptr<Retina> create(Size inputSize);
- /** @brief Constructors from standardized interfaces : retreive a smart pointer to a Retina instance
- @param inputSize the input frame size
- @param colorMode the chosen processing mode : with or without color processing
- @param colorSamplingMethod specifies which kind of color sampling will be used :
- - cv::bioinspired::RETINA_COLOR_RANDOM: each pixel position is either R, G or B in a random choice
- - cv::bioinspired::RETINA_COLOR_DIAGONAL: color sampling is RGBRGBRGB..., line 2 BRGBRGBRG..., line 3, GBRGBRGBR...
- - cv::bioinspired::RETINA_COLOR_BAYER: standard bayer sampling
- @param useRetinaLogSampling activate retina log sampling, if true, the 2 following parameters can
- be used
- @param reductionFactor only usefull if param useRetinaLogSampling=true, specifies the reduction
- factor of the output frame (as the center (fovea) is high resolution and corners can be
- underscaled, then a reduction of the output is allowed without precision leak
- @param samplingStrength only usefull if param useRetinaLogSampling=true, specifies the strength of
- the log scale that is applied
- */
- CV_WRAP static Ptr<Retina> create(Size inputSize, const bool colorMode,
- int colorSamplingMethod=RETINA_COLOR_BAYER,
- const bool useRetinaLogSampling=false,
- const float reductionFactor=1.0f, const float samplingStrength=10.0f);
- };
- //! @}
- }
- }
- #endif /* __OPENCV_BIOINSPIRED_RETINA_HPP__ */
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