using ProtoBuf.Meta;
using System;
using System.IO;
#if !NO_GENERICS
using System.Collections.Generic;
#endif

#if FEAT_IKVM
using Type = IKVM.Reflection.Type;
using IKVM.Reflection;
#else
using System.Reflection;
#endif

namespace ProtoBuf
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provides protocol-buffer serialization capability for concrete, attributed types. This
    /// is a *default* model, but custom serializer models are also supported.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// Protocol-buffer serialization is a compact binary format, designed to take
    /// advantage of sparse data and knowledge of specific data types; it is also
    /// extensible, allowing a type to be deserialized / merged even if some data is
    /// not recognised.
    /// </remarks>
    public 
#if FX11
    sealed
#else
    static
#endif
        class Serializer
    {
#if FX11
        private Serializer() { } // not a static class for C# 1.2 reasons
#endif
#if !NO_RUNTIME && !NO_GENERICS
        /// <summary>
        /// Suggest a .proto definition for the given type
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type to generate a .proto definition for</typeparam>
        /// <returns>The .proto definition as a string</returns>
        public static string GetProto<T>()
        {
            return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.GetSchema(RuntimeTypeModel.Default.MapType(typeof(T)));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Create a deep clone of the supplied instance; any sub-items are also cloned.
        /// </summary>
        public static T DeepClone<T>(T instance)
        {
            return instance == null ? instance : (T)RuntimeTypeModel.Default.DeepClone(instance);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Applies a protocol-buffer stream to an existing instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being merged.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be modified (can be null).</param>
        /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <returns>The updated instance; this may be different to the instance argument if
        /// either the original instance was null, or the stream defines a known sub-type of the
        /// original instance.</returns>
        public static T Merge<T>(Stream source, T instance)
        {
            return (T)RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Deserialize(source, instance, typeof(T));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a new instance from a protocol-buffer stream
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type to be created.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the new instance (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <returns>A new, initialized instance.</returns>
        public static T Deserialize<T>(Stream source)
        {
            return (T) RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Deserialize(source, null, typeof(T));
        }
        /// <summary>
		/// Creates a new instance from a protocol-buffer stream
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="type">The type to be created.</param>
		/// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the new instance (cannot be null).</param>
		/// <returns>A new, initialized instance.</returns>
		public static object Deserialize(System.Type type, Stream source)
		{
			return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Deserialize(source, null, type);
		}
        /// <summary>
        /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied stream.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="destination">The destination stream to write to.</param>
        public static void Serialize<T>(Stream destination, T instance)
        {
            if(instance != null) {
                RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Serialize(destination, instance);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Serializes a given instance and deserializes it as a different type;
        /// this can be used to translate between wire-compatible objects (where
        /// two .NET types represent the same data), or to promote/demote a type
        /// through an inheritance hierarchy.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>No assumption of compatibility is made between the types.</remarks>
        /// <typeparam name="TFrom">The type of the object being copied.</typeparam>
        /// <typeparam name="TTo">The type of the new object to be created.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to use as a template.</param>
        /// <returns>A new instane of type TNewType, with the data from TOldType.</returns>
        public static TTo ChangeType<TFrom,TTo>(TFrom instance)
        {
            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                Serialize<TFrom>(ms, instance);
                ms.Position = 0;
                return Deserialize<TTo>(ms);
            }
        }
#if PLAT_BINARYFORMATTER && !(WINRT || PHONE8 || COREFX)
        /// <summary>
        /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied SerializationInfo.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being serialized.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="info">The destination SerializationInfo to write to.</param>
        public static void Serialize<T>(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, T instance) where T : class, System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable
        {
            Serialize<T>(info, new System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext(System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContextStates.Persistence), instance);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied SerializationInfo.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being serialized.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="info">The destination SerializationInfo to write to.</param>
        /// <param name="context">Additional information about this serialization operation.</param>
        public static void Serialize<T>(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context, T instance) where T : class, System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable
        {
            // note: also tried byte[]... it doesn't perform hugely well with either (compared to regular serialization)
            if (info == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("info");
            if (instance == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("instance");
            if (instance.GetType() != typeof(T)) throw new ArgumentException("Incorrect type", "instance");
            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Serialize(ms, instance, context);
                info.AddValue(ProtoBinaryField, ms.ToArray());
            }
        }
#endif
#if PLAT_XMLSERIALIZER
        /// <summary>
        /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied XmlWriter.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being serialized.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="writer">The destination XmlWriter to write to.</param>
        public static void Serialize<T>(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, T instance) where T : System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable
        {
            if (writer == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("writer");
            if (instance == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("instance");

            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                Serializer.Serialize(ms, instance);
                writer.WriteBase64(Helpers.GetBuffer(ms), 0, (int)ms.Length);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Applies a protocol-buffer from an XmlReader to an existing instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being merged.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be modified (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="reader">The XmlReader containing the data to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
        public static void Merge<T>(System.Xml.XmlReader reader, T instance) where T : System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable
        {
            if (reader == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("reader");
            if (instance == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("instance");

            const int LEN = 4096;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[LEN];
            int read;
            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                int depth = reader.Depth;
                while(reader.Read() && reader.Depth > depth)
                {
                    if (reader.NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.Text)
                    {
                        while ((read = reader.ReadContentAsBase64(buffer, 0, LEN)) > 0)
                        {
                            ms.Write(buffer, 0, read);
                        }
                        if (reader.Depth <= depth) break;
                    }
                }
                ms.Position = 0;
                Serializer.Merge(ms, instance);
            }
        }
#endif

        private const string ProtoBinaryField = "proto";
#if PLAT_BINARYFORMATTER && !NO_GENERICS && !(WINRT || PHONE8 || COREFX)
        /// <summary>
        /// Applies a protocol-buffer from a SerializationInfo to an existing instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being merged.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be modified (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="info">The SerializationInfo containing the data to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
        public static void Merge<T>(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, T instance) where T : class, System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable
        {
            Merge<T>(info, new System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext(System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContextStates.Persistence), instance);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Applies a protocol-buffer from a SerializationInfo to an existing instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being merged.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be modified (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="info">The SerializationInfo containing the data to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="context">Additional information about this serialization operation.</param>
        public static void Merge<T>(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context, T instance) where T : class, System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable
        {
            // note: also tried byte[]... it doesn't perform hugely well with either (compared to regular serialization)
            if (info == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("info");
            if (instance == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("instance");
            if (instance.GetType() != typeof(T)) throw new ArgumentException("Incorrect type", "instance");

            byte[] buffer = (byte[])info.GetValue(ProtoBinaryField, typeof(byte[]));
            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(buffer))
            {
                T result = (T)RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Deserialize(ms, instance, typeof(T), context);
                if (!ReferenceEquals(result, instance))
                {
                    throw new ProtoException("Deserialization changed the instance; cannot succeed.");
                }
            }
        }
#endif

#if !NO_GENERICS
        /// <summary>
        /// Precompiles the serializer for a given type.
        /// </summary>
        public static void PrepareSerializer<T>()
        { 
#if FEAT_COMPILER
            RuntimeTypeModel model = RuntimeTypeModel.Default;
            model[model.MapType(typeof(T))].CompileInPlace();
#endif
        }

#if PLAT_BINARYFORMATTER && !(WINRT || PHONE8 || COREFX)
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a new IFormatter that uses protocol-buffer [de]serialization.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type of object to be [de]deserialized by the formatter.</typeparam>
        /// <returns>A new IFormatter to be used during [de]serialization.</returns>
        public static System.Runtime.Serialization.IFormatter CreateFormatter<T>()
        {
#if FEAT_IKVM
            throw new NotSupportedException();
#else
            return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.CreateFormatter(typeof(T));
#endif
        }
#endif
        /// <summary>
        /// Reads a sequence of consecutive length-prefixed items from a stream, using
        /// either base-128 or fixed-length prefixes. Base-128 prefixes with a tag
        /// are directly comparable to serializing multiple items in succession
        /// (use the <see cref="ListItemTag"/> tag to emulate the implicit behavior
        /// when serializing a list/array). When a tag is
        /// specified, any records with different tags are silently omitted. The
        /// tag is ignored. The tag is ignored for fixed-length prefixes.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type of object to deserialize.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="source">The binary stream containing the serialized records.</param>
        /// <param name="style">The prefix style used in the data.</param>
        /// <param name="fieldNumber">The tag of records to return (if non-positive, then no tag is
        /// expected and all records are returned).</param>
        /// <returns>The sequence of deserialized objects.</returns>
        public static IEnumerable<T> DeserializeItems<T>(Stream source, PrefixStyle style, int fieldNumber)
        {
            return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.DeserializeItems<T>(source, style, fieldNumber);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a new instance from a protocol-buffer stream that has a length-prefix
        /// on data (to assist with network IO).
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type to be created.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the new instance (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
        /// <returns>A new, initialized instance.</returns>
        public static T DeserializeWithLengthPrefix<T>(Stream source, PrefixStyle style)
        {
            return DeserializeWithLengthPrefix<T>(source, style, 0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a new instance from a protocol-buffer stream that has a length-prefix
        /// on data (to assist with network IO).
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type to be created.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the new instance (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
        /// <param name="fieldNumber">The expected tag of the item (only used with base-128 prefix style).</param>
        /// <returns>A new, initialized instance.</returns>
        public static T DeserializeWithLengthPrefix<T>(Stream source, PrefixStyle style, int fieldNumber)
        {
            RuntimeTypeModel model = RuntimeTypeModel.Default;
            return (T)model.DeserializeWithLengthPrefix(source, null, model.MapType(typeof(T)), style, fieldNumber);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Applies a protocol-buffer stream to an existing instance, using length-prefixed
        /// data - useful with network IO.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being merged.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be modified (can be null).</param>
        /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
        /// <returns>The updated instance; this may be different to the instance argument if
        /// either the original instance was null, or the stream defines a known sub-type of the
        /// original instance.</returns>
        public static T MergeWithLengthPrefix<T>(Stream source, T instance, PrefixStyle style)
        {
            RuntimeTypeModel model = RuntimeTypeModel.Default;
            return (T)model.DeserializeWithLengthPrefix(source, instance, model.MapType(typeof(T)), style, 0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied stream,
        /// with a length-prefix. This is useful for socket programming,
        /// as DeserializeWithLengthPrefix/MergeWithLengthPrefix can be used to read the single object back
        /// from an ongoing stream.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being serialized.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
        /// <param name="destination">The destination stream to write to.</param>
        public static void SerializeWithLengthPrefix<T>(Stream destination, T instance, PrefixStyle style)
        {
            SerializeWithLengthPrefix<T>(destination, instance, style, 0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied stream,
        /// with a length-prefix. This is useful for socket programming,
        /// as DeserializeWithLengthPrefix/MergeWithLengthPrefix can be used to read the single object back
        /// from an ongoing stream.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type being serialized.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
        /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
        /// <param name="destination">The destination stream to write to.</param>
        /// <param name="fieldNumber">The tag used as a prefix to each record (only used with base-128 style prefixes).</param>
        public static void SerializeWithLengthPrefix<T>(Stream destination, T instance, PrefixStyle style, int fieldNumber)
        {
            RuntimeTypeModel model = RuntimeTypeModel.Default;
            model.SerializeWithLengthPrefix(destination, instance, model.MapType(typeof(T)), style, fieldNumber);
        }
#endif
        /// <summary>Indicates the number of bytes expected for the next message.</summary>
        /// <param name="source">The stream containing the data to investigate for a length.</param>
        /// <param name="style">The algorithm used to encode the length.</param>
        /// <param name="length">The length of the message, if it could be identified.</param>
        /// <returns>True if a length could be obtained, false otherwise.</returns>
        public static bool TryReadLengthPrefix(Stream source, PrefixStyle style, out int length)
        {
            int fieldNumber, bytesRead;
            length = ProtoReader.ReadLengthPrefix(source, false, style, out fieldNumber, out bytesRead);
            return bytesRead > 0;
        }

        /// <summary>Indicates the number of bytes expected for the next message.</summary>
        /// <param name="buffer">The buffer containing the data to investigate for a length.</param>
        /// <param name="index">The offset of the first byte to read from the buffer.</param>
        /// <param name="count">The number of bytes to read from the buffer.</param>
        /// <param name="style">The algorithm used to encode the length.</param>
        /// <param name="length">The length of the message, if it could be identified.</param>
        /// <returns>True if a length could be obtained, false otherwise.</returns>
        public static bool TryReadLengthPrefix(byte[] buffer, int index, int count, PrefixStyle style, out int length)
        {
            using (Stream source = new MemoryStream(buffer, index, count))
            {
                return TryReadLengthPrefix(source, style, out length);
            }
        }
#endif
        /// <summary>
        /// The field number that is used as a default when serializing/deserializing a list of objects.
        /// The data is treated as repeated message with field number 1.
        /// </summary>
        public const int ListItemTag = 1;



#if !NO_RUNTIME
        /// <summary>
        /// Provides non-generic access to the default serializer.
        /// </summary>
        public
#if FX11
    sealed
#else
    static
#endif
            class NonGeneric
        {
#if FX11
            private NonGeneric() { } // not a static class for C# 1.2 reasons
#endif
            /// <summary>
            /// Create a deep clone of the supplied instance; any sub-items are also cloned.
            /// </summary>
            public static object DeepClone(object instance)
            {
                return instance == null ? null : RuntimeTypeModel.Default.DeepClone(instance);
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied stream.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
            /// <param name="dest">The destination stream to write to.</param>
            public static void Serialize(Stream dest, object instance)
            {
                if (instance != null)
                {
                    RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Serialize(dest, instance);
                }
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Creates a new instance from a protocol-buffer stream
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="type">The type to be created.</param>
            /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the new instance (cannot be null).</param>
            /// <returns>A new, initialized instance.</returns>
            public static object Deserialize(System.Type type, Stream source)
            {
                return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Deserialize(source, null, type);
            }

            /// <summary>Applies a protocol-buffer stream to an existing instance.</summary>
            /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be modified (cannot be null).</param>
            /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
            /// <returns>The updated instance</returns>
            public static object Merge(Stream source, object instance)
            {
                if (instance == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("instance");
                return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Deserialize(source, instance, instance.GetType(), null);
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Writes a protocol-buffer representation of the given instance to the supplied stream,
            /// with a length-prefix. This is useful for socket programming,
            /// as DeserializeWithLengthPrefix/MergeWithLengthPrefix can be used to read the single object back
            /// from an ongoing stream.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="instance">The existing instance to be serialized (cannot be null).</param>
            /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
            /// <param name="destination">The destination stream to write to.</param>
            /// <param name="fieldNumber">The tag used as a prefix to each record (only used with base-128 style prefixes).</param>
            public static void SerializeWithLengthPrefix(Stream destination, object instance, PrefixStyle style, int fieldNumber)
            {
                if (instance == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("instance");
                RuntimeTypeModel model = RuntimeTypeModel.Default;                
                model.SerializeWithLengthPrefix(destination, instance, model.MapType(instance.GetType()), style, fieldNumber);
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// Applies a protocol-buffer stream to an existing instance (or null), using length-prefixed
            /// data - useful with network IO.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="value">The existing instance to be modified (can be null).</param>
            /// <param name="source">The binary stream to apply to the instance (cannot be null).</param>
            /// <param name="style">How to encode the length prefix.</param>
            /// <param name="resolver">Used to resolve types on a per-field basis.</param>
            /// <returns>The updated instance; this may be different to the instance argument if
            /// either the original instance was null, or the stream defines a known sub-type of the
            /// original instance.</returns>
            public static bool TryDeserializeWithLengthPrefix(Stream source, PrefixStyle style, TypeResolver resolver, out object value)
            {
                value = RuntimeTypeModel.Default.DeserializeWithLengthPrefix(source, null, null, style, 0, resolver);
                return value != null;
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// Indicates whether the supplied type is explicitly modelled by the model
            /// </summary>
            public static bool CanSerialize(Type type)
            {
                return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.IsDefined(type);
            }

        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Global switches that change the behavior of protobuf-net
        /// </summary>
        public
#if FX11
    sealed
#else
    static
#endif
            class GlobalOptions
        {
#if FX11
            private GlobalOptions() { } // not a static class for C# 1.2 reasons
#endif
            /// <summary>
            /// <see cref="RuntimeTypeModel.InferTagFromNameDefault"/>
            /// </summary>
            [Obsolete("Please use RuntimeTypeModel.Default.InferTagFromNameDefault instead (or on a per-model basis)", false)]
            public static bool InferTagFromName
            {
                get { return RuntimeTypeModel.Default.InferTagFromNameDefault; }
                set { RuntimeTypeModel.Default.InferTagFromNameDefault = value; }
            }
        }
#endif
        /// <summary>
        /// Maps a field-number to a type
        /// </summary>
        public delegate Type TypeResolver(int fieldNumber);

        /// <summary>
        /// Releases any internal buffers that have been reserved for efficiency; this does not affect any serialization
        /// operations; simply: it can be used (optionally) to release the buffers for garbage collection (at the expense
        /// of having to re-allocate a new buffer for the next operation, rather than re-use prior buffers).
        /// </summary>
        public static void FlushPool()
        {
            BufferPool.Flush();
        }
    }
}